Daminɛ
Bi, izinibaara yiriwali ka gwɛlɛ minkɛ, so saniyanin miiriya yɛlɛmana ka bɔ nafolofɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin dɔ la ka kɛ fɛn jɔnjɔn ye min ka ɲi ka kɛ. Ka bɔ tigɛli-semikonduktɛriw dilanni na minw ka sɛrɛkili sifaw be suma ni nanomɛtiri dɔrɔn ye ka taga se furaw yiriwali ma minw be se ka mɔgɔ kisi ani sanfɛlafɛnw lajɛnni tigitigi la, nɔgɔ misɛnninw be farati lase mɔgɔw ma tuma bɛɛ. Fɛɛn kelen, molekili funteni min tununa, wala fɛnɲɛnama misɛn dɔ min be yaala yaala ka jigi yɔrɔ dɔ la min ka ɲi, o be se ka kɛ sababu ye ka sɛnɛfɛnw tiɲɛ kosɔbɛ, ka kɛnɛyako ɲɛnabɔcogo tiɲɛ ani ka sɔrɔko gwɛlɛya.
So saniyalen min be baara kɛ koɲuman, o bɛɛ cɛmancɛ la, fiɲɛ filɛcogo be yen. A tɛ i n’a fɔ funteni, fiɲɛminɛ ani fiɲɛminɛ (HVAC) minw labɛnna adamadenw ka funteni lafiya dɔrɔn kama, fiɲɛminɛ min be kɛ so saniyanin kɔnɔ, o ye minɛn ye min dilanna ka ɲɛ ani min ka baara ye ka to ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔ minw be yɛlɛmayɛlɛma ani minw be se ka yɛlɛmayɛlɛma. O nɔgɔ bɔli fɛɛrɛw kɔkolo ye fiɲɛminɛfɛn ye min be fiɲɛminɛfɛnw bɔ (HEPA) ani a nɔnabila min ka fisa ni bɛɛ ye, o ye Ultra-fiɲɛminɛfɛn dɔgɔman (ULPA) ye. N’u be lɔnniya min sɔrɔ o filtɛriw kɔ, u ka baarakɛcogo gwɛlɛyaw ani kɔrɔbɔli gwɛlɛw minw ka ɲi ka kɛ walisa k’u ka baarakɛcogo sabati, ɛnzeniyɛriw ni baarakɛyɔrɔw ɲɛmɔgɔw b’a to baarakɛcogo kɔrɔtaninw ka kɛ tilenninya ye duniɲa kuru bɛɛ kɔnɔ.
1. So saniyaninw ka nɔgɔw kɛlɛli farikolo cogoya
Walisa k’a faamu ko filtration avancée ka ɲi ka kɛ, mɔgɔ ka ɲi k’a filɛ fɔlɔ kɛlɛ yebali min be kɛra nɔgɔ nɔgɔninw kama so saniyanin dɔ kɔnɔ. Nɔgɔw man teli ka lɔ yɔrɔ kelen; u be yɛlɛmayɛlɛma, u be tagama ani u be bɔ tuma bɛɛ boon kɔnɔmɔgɔw fɛ ani baarakɛyɔrɔ ka masinw fɛ.
Nɔgɔ bɔnsɔnw ka fanga
Nɔgɔ min be sɔrɔ so saniyanin kɔnɔ, o be sɔrɔ sababu naani lo fɛ:
Adamadenw ka baara: Hali ni fani doncogo sariyaw ka gwɛlɛ, adamadenw lo be to ka bana bila mɔgɔ la ka tɛmɛ tɔɔw bɛɛ kan. Tagamacogo kelen kelen bɛɛ-tagama, yɛlɛma, walima hali kuma-be farikolokisɛw (squames) bɔninw ka sankaba bɔ, jii nɔgɔw ani fani nɛgɛw. So saniyanin min be 1nan walima 10nan na (ISO 3 walima ISO 4) lamini gwɛlɛ kɔnɔ, hali ninakali wale be kɔlɔsi kosɔbɛ walisa ka biyo-aerosol bɔli dɔgɔya.
O baarakɛminanw n’u ka baarakɛminanw be yɛlɛma: Robo minw be nɛgɛ yɔrɔw ɲɔgɔn gosi, nɛgɛ min be mɔgɔw ladon ani kemikali baarakɛminanw be nɔgɔ misɛnninw bɔ. O fɛnɲɛnamaw ka teli ka kɛ nɛgɛ walima nɛgɛ- ye ani u be se ka tiɲɛni kɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin na nɛgɛjuruw la.
Infiltration ani fiɲɛ be bɔ cogo min na: Fɛɛn si tɛ fiɲɛ minɛ ka ɲɛ. Fiɲɛ min be bɔ boonw ɲɔgɔnkunbɛnyɔrɔw la, daaw datuguyɔrɔw la ani sanbonw ka plenumw fɛ, o be buguri lamini ta. Ka fara o kan, fiɲɛ kɔnɔnafɛnw ka kan ka mara ka ɲɛ. Ni fiɲɛbɔli ma bɛn, "yɔrɔ salenw" be sɔrɔ yɔrɔ minw na fiɲɛ lɔnin b'a to fɛnɲɛnamaw be sigi, o be nɔgɔ yɔrɔ dɔw ka juruw lawuli minw be se ka don fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔba kɔnɔ tugun yɔrɔnin kelen.
Gazi bɔli ani funteni: Bi, so saniyaninw ka laɲinitaw tɛ dan fɛn barikamanw ma. Filtɛri yiriwalenw ka kan ka fara ɲɔgɔn kan tuma caaman na ni molekili filtɛriw ye walisa ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw (VOC) sama minw be se ka bugun bɔ optiki tigitigiw kan wala ka nɔɔ to bi litɔgarafi baarakɛcogow ka kemikali sensitivite kan.
Fiɲɛ yɛlɛmani hakɛ ani laminar Flow lɔyɔrɔ
So saniyalen be dantigɛ a ka setigiya fɛ ka o yɔrɔw mara fiɲɛ yɛlɛmaniw fɛ minw ka ca -. Fiɲɛ hakɛ min be so kɔnɔ, o be yɛlɛma siɲɛ tan ni fila wala tuma dɔw la siɲɛ kɛmɛ caaman lɛrɛ kelen kɔnɔ. Ni an be baara kɛ ni "laminar flow" (unidirectional) dilan cogo ye, fiɲɛ be tagama cogo saniyanin na, min be taga ɲɔgɔn fɛ ka bɔ sanbon -filtɛri banki la ka taga duguma-nivo la walima kogo-nivo la fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔw la. O "piston" nɔɔ be nɔgɔw ɲɔni ka taga filtration système fan fɛ sanni u ka se ka sigi, o min ye ka so saniya ka to ka yɛlɛma. Filtɛri laban-HEPA walima ULPA yɔrɔ-ye sɛgɛsɛgɛli laban ye min ka gwɛlɛ ka tɛmɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛɛ kan.
2. HEPA filɛrifɛnw lajɛ ka ɲɛ: sariyaw, fiziki ani mekaniki .
Filtɛri min be fiɲɛ nɔgɔninw bɔ (HEPA) ye sariya jɔnjɔn ye yɔrɔ minw be kɔlɔsi fanba la. EN 1822 walima IEST sariyaw kɔnɔ, minw lakolɔnna diɲɛ bɛɛ kɔnɔ, filɛrɛ ka kan ka 99,97% yira fɛnɲɛnamaw la minw be 0,3-mikɔrɔn tagamasiɲɛ la walisa ka se ka kɛ HEPA grade yɔrɔ dɔ ye.
Ka 0,3 Mikɔrɔn dancɛ bɔ
Mun na 0,3 mikromɛtiri? O ye fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye minw be don mɔgɔ la ka tɛmɛ fɛɛn bɛɛ kan (MPPS). Mɔgɔ caaman b’a miiri ngalon na ko HEPA filɛri be baara kɛ i n’a fɔ siɲɛ, yɔrɔ min na fɛɛn belebelebaw be minɛ ani fɛn misɛnw be tɛmɛ yen. Tiɲɛn koo ka gwɛlɛ ka tɛmɛ o kan. Fɛɛn minw ka bon ni 0,3 μm ye, u ka inerisiya wala u ka jɛnsɛnni kɛcogo ka bon, o lo b’a to u minɛ ka nɔgɔ. Nka, fɛnɲɛnama minw be 0,3 μm kɔnɔ, olu be "Goldilocks zone" kɔnɔ yɔrɔ min na u ka dɔgɔ kojugu fɔɔ u tɛ se ka minɛ ka ɲɛ ni inertie ye ani u ka bon kojugu fɔɔ u tɛ se ka Brownian ka tagamasiɲɛba yira, o b’a to u be se ka filɛlikɛla ka nɛgɛw boli ka ɲɛ ka tɛmɛ bonya wɛrɛw kan. HEPA filtɛri dilan cogo labɛnna kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin na ka se ka o fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw minɛ minw tɛ se ka sɔrɔ.
O fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw minɛcogo sinsinyɔrɔ naani .
HEPA filtɛri be baara kɛ ni borosilikati nɛgɛw ye minw ka ca ani u be ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ ka nɔgɔw minɛ farikolo yɔrɔ naani fɛ:
Impaction: Fɛɛn minw ka bon kosɔbɛ, olu be tagama fiɲɛ ka baji fɛ nka u tɛ se ka tagama yɔrɔ minw na, u be yɛlɛma yɔrɔ minw na, u be filtɛri fiyɛw lamini. U ka yɛlɛmani b’u ta ka taga n’u ye ka taga n’u ye faniw kɔnɔ, u be nɔrɔ yɔrɔ min na. O be nɔɔba to nɔgɔ belebelebaw kan i n’a fɔ buguri, nɔgɔ ani fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw.
Interception: O be kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnama dɔ be tugu fiɲɛ ka yɔrɔ dɔ kɔ min be tɛmɛ fɛnɲɛnama dɔ ka radiyɔsi kelen kɔnɔ fiyɛ dɔ kɔnɔ. Tuma min na fiɲɛ be yɛlɛma ka fiyɛ lamini, o fɛnɲɛnama be nɔrɔ a la ani nɔrɔli fanga b’a minɛ.
Difuziyɔn: O ye ultra-fɛn misɛnninw (minw ka dɔgɔ ni 0,1 μm ye) fɛɛrɛ ye min ka ca. O fɛnɲɛnamaw ka nɔgɔ fɔɔ gazi molekiliw be se ka nɔɔ to u kan (Brownian motion). O b’a to u be ɲɔgɔn gosi ni fiɲɛw ye fiɲɛ ka tagamacogo kosɔn tɛ, nka u yɛrɛ ka tagamacogo yɛlɛmayɛlɛmanin kosɔn.
Siɲɛ: Hali ni o tɛ fɛɛrɛ fɔlɔ ye, farikolo yɔrɔ dɔw be bali ni fɛɛn misɛnninw ka bon ka tɛmɛ yɔrɔ min be faniw cɛ. Hali ni o nafa man bon fɛn misɛnninw na, a be latanga laban di fɛn belebelebaw ma.
O fɛɛrɛw faranin ɲɔgɔn kan, HEPA filɛri min dilanna ka ɲɛ-so saniyanin dɔ kɔnɔ, o be se ka fiɲɛ fɛnɲɛnamaw bɛɛ nɔgɔya, o min b’a to fiɲɛ min be don baarakɛyɔrɔ la, o saniyanin lo kosɔbɛ ka tɛmɛ fiɲɛ min be baarakɛyɔrɔ kɔfɛ.
3. ULPA ka filɛrifɛnw ka sebagaya: Nanoteknolozi ka tiɲɛtigiya
Ni baarakɛyɔrɔ dɔ mako be so lamini saniyanin na min be baara kɛ ni lɔnnikow ye-i n’a fɔ ultra-high-density microprocesseurs dilanni walima biologique isolation kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin-HEPA sariyaw, hali n’u ka ɲi, o be se ka yɔrɔ caaman to jatebɔ filiw kama. O yɔrɔw la, Ultra-fiɲɛ fitininw (ULPA) filɛrifɛnw be bila.
ULPA ka nafa ɲɛfɔli .
ULPA filtɛri be baarakɛcogo ɲuman di min be se 99,999% ma wala a ka ca n’o ye, tuma caaman na a be se ka se 99,99995% ma fɛnɲɛnamaw la minw ka bon ni 0,12 μm ye ani minw ka bon n’o ye. Hali ni jatebɔ danfara min be 99,97% (HEPA) ni 99,999% (ULPA) cɛ, n’i y’a filɛ, a be komi a ka dɔgɔ, so saniyanin dilanyɔrɔ la, o danfara ka bon kosɔbɛ. HEPA filtɛri tun be se k’a to fɛɛn 300 be tɛmɛ miliyɔn kelen kelen bɛɛ kɔnɔ, k’a sɔrɔ ULPA filtɛri tun be se ka 10 dɔrɔn lo to, wala u ka dɔgɔ yɛrɛ, ka kɛɲɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw hakɛ ye. O dɔgɔyali "particules background bruit" la, o nafa ka bon ni fɛn minw be mikrochip kan, olu be surunyana particules yɛrɛ ka hakɛ la.
Ɛnsɛniyeri ka gwɛlɛyaw ani minanw lɔnniya
Ka se ka filtration hakɛ nin sɔrɔ, o be gwɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw lase so saniyanin ka HVAC ka baarakɛminanw ma:
Kunnafoniw ka caya: Walisa ka se ULPA hakɛ ma, kunnafoni ka kan ka nɔrɔ ɲɔgɔn na kosɔbɛ, ni fɛn gɛlɛnw ye, ultra-fin sintetiki walima fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw. O be sira yɛlɛmayɛlɛman dɔ lawuli fiɲɛ be se ka tugu min kɔ.
Degun jiginin ani fanga min be bɔ: Densitɛri min be caya, o be na ni degun caman ye filɛri fan bɛɛ la. O be fiɲɛminɛfɛnw lo ɲini minw barika ka bon ani u be fanga-min. Ni fiɲɛminɛyɔrɔ ma bɛn ka ɲɛ, -pɛrɛsiyɔnba ɲinini be se ka gwɛlɛya lase fiɲɛminɛ motɛri ka sii jan ma wala ka yɛrɛyɛrɛ min man ɲi, o don so saniyanin kɔnɔ, o be se ka nɔɔ jugu to sumanin minanw kan minw ka ɲi.
Lamini ka bɛn: Komi ULPA filtɛriw be kɛ o yɔrɔ nɔgɔninw na, filtɛri minanw yɛrɛ ka ɲi ka kɛ kemikalifɛnw ye minw tɛ se ka yɛlɛma. Dilanbagaw ka ɲi k’u janto ko gazi si kana bɔ (kemikali funteni bɔli ka bɔ filɛrikɛyɔrɔ la wala nɔrɔnanw na), sabu hali gazi hakɛ dɔɔni be se ka nɔɔ to semi-conducteur wafer saniyako kan.
4. Tilenninya baarakɛcogo: kɔrɔbɔli, ladonni ani ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo .
HEPA wala ULPA filtɛri min sɔngɔ ka gwɛlɛ ka tɛmɛ tɔɔw bɛɛ kan, o be se ka baara kɛ i n’a fɔ tagamasiɲɛ min b’a minɛ a nɔɔ na. So saniyanin min be -sɔrɔ, nafa t’a la ni filɛrikɛlan min be baara kɛ ka ɲɛ, n’a y’a sɔrɔ nɛgɛdaga fitinin dɔ be bɔra nɛgɛdaga kɔnɔ wala nɛgɛdaga min be nɛgɛdaga lamini. O kama, sɛgɛsɛgɛri gwɛlɛ lo ye baarakɛcogo ɲuman dusukun ye.
Aerosol ka gwɛlɛya kɔrɔbɔli tiɲɛtigiya
Tilenninya sɛgɛsɛgɛri min be kɛ tuma o tuma, min be weele ko “leak test,” o ye waajibi ye so saniyanin bɛɛ la. O be kɛ ka caya:
Gɛlɛya min be baji sanfɛ: Fɛɛrɛkɛlaw be aerosol dɔ don min be bɛn ni sariyaw ye, i n’a fɔ Polyalphaolefin (PAO) min be bɔ funteni fɛ, HVAC ka boon kɔnɔ min be filɛri kɛ baji sanfɛ. O be fɛnɲɛnamaw hakɛ caya ani u be kɔlɔsi.
Sɛgɛsɛgɛri min be kɛ duguma: Fɛɛrɛkɛlaw be baara kɛ ni fotomɛtiri kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin dɔ ye min be aerosol wala fɛnɲɛnamaw jati, u be filɛrɛ ɲɛda santimɛtiri kelen kelen bɛɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛ, a gɛrɛfɛlaw ani yɔrɔ minw be filɛrɛ ni boon cɛ.
The Threshold of Failure: Gɛlɛya aerosol hakɛ o hakɛ min yera duguma, o hakɛ ka ca ni hakɛ min tun latigɛra ka kɔn (a ka ca a la, 0,01% hakɛ min be sɔrɔ sanfɛ) o be sɛgɛsɛgɛri lawuli joona joona. Tuma caaman na, jii misɛn minw be bɔ kaare kɔnɔ, u be labɛn ni silikoni kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin dɔ ye min be se ka yɛlɛma, nka ni filɛrikɛlan yɛrɛ sɔgɔra, a ka ɲi ka yɛlɛma.
Filtɛri ka ɲɛnamaya kɛcogo mara
Filtɛriw ye fɛɛnw ye minw be se ka tiɲɛ. N’u be buguri minɛna, dɔ be farala u ka fiɲɛw kɛlɛli kan. O baarakɛyɔrɔw be baara kɛ ni pɛrɛsiyɔn jateminɛnanw ye minw be danfara yira (magnéhelique jateminɛnanw) walisa ka filɛrikɛyɔrɔ ka kɛnɛyako kɔlɔsi.
Degun fɔlɔ: Ni filtɛri saniyanin donna, a be ni degun kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin dɔ ye.
Terminal Pression Drop: Ni filtɛri be buguri lajɛnna, a ka fanga be yɛlɛma. Ni a sera yɔrɔ dɔ la-a ka ca a la, a ka ca ni hakɛ fɔlɔ ye siɲɛ fila-fiɲɛminɛyɔrɔ tɛ se ka fiɲɛ hakɛ min ɲini, o fiɲɛbɔlan fɛ tugun.
Operasiyɔn yɛlɛmani: yɛlɛmani porogramuw tɛ “ni nɔgɔnin lo” dɔrɔn koo ye. U be wagati latigɛ koɲuman walisa u ka bɛn ni baarakɛyɔrɔw ladonyɔrɔw ye walisa u kana lɔ wagati la. Filtɛri yɛlɛmani min be kɛ so saniyanin kɔnɔ, o fana ka gwɛlɛ; fɛɛrɛtigɛlaw ka kan ka dege k’o fɛnw yɛlɛma k’a sɔrɔ u ma nɔgɔ don lamini na, tuma caaman na, o be ɲini ka so kɔnɔ fiɲɛ hakɛ yɛlɛma pewu yɛlɛmani bannin kɔ.
5. Siniɲɛsigi koo minw bena kɛ so saniyaninw ka filtɛrɛ fɛɛrɛw koo la
An be siniɲasigi filɛra minkɛ, so saniyaninw ka filtɛrɛw be ɲini ka gwɛlɛya ka taga. An be yɛlɛmani dɔ yera min be kɛra ka taga filtɛrɛ “hakiliman” ani kɛwale barikamanw fan fɛ.
Filtɛri barikaman ani hakiliman
Gɛlɛyaba minw be sɔrɔ laada filɛrifɛnw na, u dɔ ye u ka nɔɔ ye kuran minɛcogo kan. Fɛɛn kura minw kɛra fiyɛw dilanni na, u be filɛrifɛnw dilanna sisan minw be filɛri kɛcogo kelen wala ɲuman di ani u be fanga dɔgɔya kosɔbɛ. O "low-energy" filtɛriw be se ka dɔ bɔ -so saniyalenba dɔ ka kuran hakɛ la ni kɛmɛsarada la, o be nɔɔ to baarakɛnafolo kan ani lamini sennɔ kan. Ka fara o kan, ka don ni IoT (Internet of Things) sensɔriw ye, o b’a to u be se ka filtɛri ka baara kɔlɔsi wagati yɛrɛ yɛrɛ la. Sanni u ka jigi la bolola sɛgɛsɛgɛliw kan, baarakɛyɔrɔ ɲɛmɔgɔw be se ka lasɔminiw sɔrɔ sisan ni filtɛri ka baarakɛcogo be dɔgɔyara, o be se ka kɛ sababu ye ka “ladonni kɛ ka kɔn” sanni ka “ladonni kɛ ka ɲɛ.”
Molɛkiliw ka filɛri donɲɔgɔnna
Komi baarakɛcogow be yɛlɛmana ka taga, fɛnɲɛnamaw bɔli tɛ bɔli kɛ tugun. Bi, so saniyaninw dilancogo caaman be molekiliw ka filtɛrɛ (chimisorption) donna sisan HEPA ni ULPA filtɛrɛ kɛrɛfɛ. O be fiɲɛ ka molekiliw nɔgɔ (AMC) ka gwɛlɛya ɲɛnabɔ, i n’a fɔ asidi funteni walima nɛgɛ girinmanw minw be se ka kemikalifɛnw-sensiblew tiɲɛ. So saniyanin ka siniɲɛsigi ye yɔrɔ ye min be nɔgɔ barikamanw ni gaziw bɛɛ mara ni tilenninya kelen ye.
Kuma laban
Bi, so min saniyanin lo, o lɔcogo b’a yira ko adamadenw ka hakilitigiya n’u ka dafalen ɲini tuma bɛɛ. O lamini kɔlɔsininw kɔnɔ, HEPA ni ULPA filɛrifɛnw be baara kɛ i n’a fɔ dakun kɔrɔsibagaw, u be yɔrɔ senuman dɔ mara yɔrɔ min na koo kuraw be se ka kɛ k’a sɔrɔ ɲagamini misɛnninw tɛ don u la. An kɛtɔ ka fiziki sariyakolo gɛlɛnw labato-impaction, interception, diffusion, ani sieving-o filtɛriw b’a to an be baara kɛ fiɲɛ min na, o ka saniya ka tɛmɛ fiɲɛ kan yɔrɔ bɛɛ la.
Nka, o fɛɛrɛw ka baarakɛcogo tɛ sɛrɛkili-it-ani-ɲinan-it tiɲɛn ye. O ye layidu ye ka kɔrɔbɔli gwɛlɛw kɛ, k’u kɔlɔsi tuma bɛɛ ani ka filtɛrɛ minanw yiriwa cogo fɛɛrɛmanw na. A ka kɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔnsɔn nata ye wo, walima biyɔtɛkinolozi yiriwali ye wo, so saniyalen ka tilenninya bele ye fɛn ye min tɛ se ka sɔsɔ ka ɲɛsin izini ka ɲɛtaga ma. An be taga ɲɛfɛ minkɛ, siga t’a la, fɛn kura minw be to ka kɛ filɛri fɛɛrɛw la, u bena lɔyɔrɔba ta lɔnnikow, furakɛli ani dilanko la, k’a to hali n’an ka fɛɛnw be dɔgɔyara ani u be nɔgɔya, an ka setigiya be to k’u latanga.
